《保险研究》20220805-《专利执行保险创新激励的供应链溢出效应》（李摇琴）

［摘   要］专利执行保险为企业创新提供了市场化激励途径。本文基于压力联动视角,以国家知识产权局2012年试点的专利执行保险为准自然事件,考察专利执行保险实施对客户企业供应商创新的影响效应及作用机制,并利用2008年至2017年手工整理的供应商—客户企业配对数据进行实证检验。结果显示,客户企业所在地区实施专利执行保险后,其供应商专利数量显著增加,且这一促进效应在供应商与客户企业存在竞争关系时更显著。机制分析结果显示,地区专利保护制度较为薄弱、供应商和客户企业距离较远时,专利执行保险对供应商创新的促进作用更明显,这表明企业所在地区的专利执行保险通过专利保护机制和信号传递机制促进了其供应商创新。本文研究结论证实了专利执行保险创新激励的供应链溢出效应,有助于对专利执行保险经济价值的理解以及专利执行保险的推广。

［关键词］专利执行保险； 供应商创新； 双重差分； 溢出效应

［基金项目］国家自然科学基金面上项目(71972017)；教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(21YJC790069)；成都市科技项目软科学研究项目(2021-RK00-00182-ZF)；中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2020M683341)。

［作者简介］李摇琴,四川大学商学院助理研究员,研究方向:企业创新与公司治理。

The Spillover Effect of Innovation Incentive from Patent Enforcement Insurance along the Supply Chain

LI Yao-qin

Abstract：Patent enforcement insurance provides market-oriented incentives to corporate innovation.Taking the patent enforcement insurance which was piloted by the State Intellectual Property Office in 2012 as a quasi-natural experiment and using manually sorted-out supplier-customer matching data from 2008 to 2017 for empirical verification,this study investigated the impacts of the patent enforcement insurance on the customer′s supplier innovations and its functioning mechanism.The results show that the implementation of patent enforcement insurance in the place where customers are located significantly increases the patents of suppliers,and this innovative effect is more significant when there are competitive relationship between suppliers and customers.The mechanism analysis shows that the innovation incentive effect of patent enforcement insurance is more significant when the regional patent protection system is weaker and the distance between suppliers and customers is farther,indicating that patent enforcement insurance promotes supplier innovation through mechanisms of patent protection and signal transmission.These results prove the  spillover effect of patent enforcement insurance on motivating innovation along the supply chain,which helps to understand the economic value of patent enforcement insurance and is of a reference value for promoting patent insurance system.

Key words：patent enforcement insurance;supplier innovation;Difference-in-Difference;spillover effect