《保险研究》20230506-《中老年慢性病对配偶劳动力市场表现的影响》（郑伟、谢志伟、吕有吉、韩笑）

［摘   要］随着经济社会发展水平提高和人口老龄化程度加深，中老年慢性病对家庭的经济影响日益引发社会关注。本文利用中国健康与养老追踪调查2011~2018年的数据，采用倾向得分匹配法，实证检验了中老年慢性病对配偶劳动力市场表现的影响。研究发现,个体罹患慢性病会改变其配偶的劳动力市场表现，劳动参与概率提高2.3个百分点，劳动时长增加16.1%，劳动收入上升22.9%；从影响机制看，慢性病主要通过降低患者劳动时长、增加家庭健康支出、增加配偶照料时长等三条路径影响配偶的劳动力市场表现。本文的政策建议是：加强慢性病防治工作，减轻群众疾病负担；健全中老年医疗保障体系，提升群众应对慢性病风险冲击的能力；尽快建立长期护理保险制度，解除群众对慢性病问题的主要后顾之忧。

［关键词］慢性病；患者配偶；劳动供给

［基金项目］教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目（14JZD027）；国家自然科学青年基金项目（72204126）。

［作者简介］郑伟，北京大学经济学院劳合社讲席教授，北京大学经济学院风险管理与保险学系主任，北京大学中国保险与社会保障研究中心主任，经济学博士，研究方向：保险与社会保障；谢志伟（通讯作者），北京大学经济学院博士研究生；吕有吉，南开大学金融学院讲师，经济学博士，研究方向：保险与社会保障；韩笑，中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所助理研究员，经济学博士，研究方向：人口老龄化、社会保障。

The Impact of Chronic Diseases on Spouses′ Labor Market Performance for Middle-aged and Elderly People

ZHENG Wei,XIE Zhi-wei,LYU You-ji,HAN Xiao

Abstract：With the improvement of social and economic development and population ageing,the family financial impacts by chronic diseases of middle-aged and elderly people is receiving more and more attention.Using the data of Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2011 and 2018,this paper empirically studies the impact of chronic disease of middle-aged and elderly people on their spouses′ labor market performance.By using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method,we find that the incidence of chronic diseases for individuals will significantly change his/her spouse′s labor market performance.More specifically,the labor participation of the spouse will increase by 2.3 percentage points,the working hours will increase by 16.1%,and labor income will increase by 22.9%.From the perspective of influencing mechanism,we find that decreasing patients′ labor hours,increasing family health expenditures,and increasing patients′ spouses′ home care hours are the three channels exerting the impacts.Based on the findings above,we propose that government should strengthen the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases,reducing the burden of chronic diseases.Besides,it′s important to improve the basic medical insurance system for middle-aged and elderly people to enhance people′s ability to cope with the chronic diseases shock.In addition,government can develop long-term care insurance to help people get out of trouble brought by chronic diseases.

Key words：chronic diseases;patients′ spouses;labor supply